Recordação, trauma e memória coletiva: a luta pela recordação em psicanálise
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/sppa%20revista.v15i1.479Keywords:
Trauma, Recordação, Status de verdade das recordações. Reconstrução. Memória coletiva, Holocausto, Dinâmica transgeracionalAbstract
Na atual teoria da clínica psicanalítica, a recordação e a reconstrução do passado têm perdido a função terapêutica central que tiveram para Freud. O autor descreve essa evolução e mostra como o trauma e sua recordação resistiram a ela. Discute o problema do status de verdade das recordações. As recordações traumáticas não estão sujeitas à transformação pelo presente, quando recuperadas. Elas constituem um tipo de corpo estranho no tecido associativo psíquico e, em vez de formar réplicas exatas do evento traumático, estão expostas a remodelagens específicas. O autor descreve alguns dos processos psíquicos dessa área dissociada. A resolução da dinâmica que predomina nessa área encapsulada e a separação entre a fantasia e a realidade traumática requerem a recordação e a reconstrução dos eventos traumáticos no tratamento analítico. O autor prossegue descrevendo a importância vital, tanto para o indivíduo envolvido como para a sociedade, do discurso social relativo à verdade histórica dos assim chamados man made disasters. Freqüentemente, a relutância em conhecer resulta do desejo de evitar confrontar-se com os crimes, o horror e o sofrimento das vítimas. No Holocausto, em particular, surge o problema de como evitar que a descrição histórica em categorias definidoras elimine o horror e a natureza traumática do evento. Relembrar crimes envolve uma dinâmica particular. O autor descreve esta dinâmica e os seus efeitos transgeracionais na sociedade alemã do pós-guerra. Conclui que, para confrontar os problemas apresentados por uma realidade traumática multifacetada, é também necessário lutar para restaurar novamente a memória em um lugar apropriado na psicanálise (AU)
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